Lymphoma Causes

Lymphoma is a condition where there is a malignancy in the T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes. These are a type of white blood cell responsible for dealing with microbial invasion. It is divided into two groups: Hodgkin’s lymphoma (formerly known as Hodgkin’s disease) and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Hodgkin’s lymphoma is identified because of the presence of Reed-Sternberg in malignant lymphocytes. Any other type of lymphoma where there is absence of Reed-Sternberg cells under histopathologic studies is thereby classified under Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.

The exact cause of lymphoma is not known. However, the following are attributed as risk factors in developing lymphoma:

1)     Chemical exposure – prolonged exposure certain chemicals such as acetone, turpentine, and benzene are identified among lymphoma causes. Pesticides and insecticides are also linked in lymphoma. Other chemicals related to the progression of lymphoma are Agent Orange, and chemicals used in hair dyes.  

2)     Genetically transferred immune disorders – lupus, celiac disease, and rheumatoid arthritis increases the chance of a person in developing lymphoma. 

3)     Viral infections

a.     Epstein-Barr virus – this is the causative agent of infectious mononucleosis or the “kissing disease.” Along with malaria, this virus weakens the B-cells and alters its genetic make-up, causing Burkitt’s lymphoma. This type of lymphoma is common in African children, where there is constant risk of exposure to these types of virus 

b.    Helicobacter Pylori – this virus typically causes gastric ulcers. Recurrent infection can lead to gastric cancer. As one of the lymphoma causes, it is closely linked to MALT lymphoma, 

c.     HIV/AIDS – this virus often causes B-Cell lymphoma in patients with this infection or condition. However, do note that B-cell lymphoma types can also be seen in HIV-negative patients. 

These lymphoma causes are just directly linked to the formation of lymphoma, but not exactly the main cause of the malignancy. Some can have exposure to these factors and still be lymphoma free. If you can avoid some of the risk factors stated, you must do so at all costs. Read the labels of the household chemicals you use, and wear protective devices such as masks, gloves and boots to limit your exposure to the chemicals. If you have genetic conditions that have been identified as one of the lymphoma causes, make sure you manage them correctly to lessen your risk of developing this condition.